Foreign policy is the set of decisions and actions that a government takes to protect or advance its values, interests, or security. It includes a wide range of activities, from diplomacy to military alliances and peacekeeping missions. It also involves negotiating trade agreements and other economic issues, combating infectious diseases in other countries, and addressing environmental problems.
The United States has the most far-reaching, enduring, and influential foreign policy of any country in history. Its military power extends to every corner of the world, its economic prowess fuels international markets, and its cultural influence reaches far beyond its borders. Its unique position as the sole global superpower, as aptly described by Joseph Nye in his book “Soft Power,” means that its policies affect everyone around the globe.
But many of these issues are not friendly, and some can threaten the United States itself. Terrorism, climate change, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction are all examples of threats that cross national boundaries. In addition, most of the countries that could pose future challenges to America have weak and failing governments that can foster dangerous infectious diseases, encourage narcotics trafficking, or allow terrorist organizations to thrive.
Americans tend to agree that it is important for their government to have a strong role in foreign policy. However, their views differ widely by ideology and party affiliation. For example, more Democrats than Republicans say that supporting Israel and Ukraine are top priorities. Previous Center research shows that these views are driven in large part by ideological differences within parties.
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