The development of the conflict in the Middle East continues to be in the international spotlight, with tensions increasing in various regions, especially between Israel and Palestine. After the attacks occurred in 2023, the situation worsened, sparking global condemnation and calls for peaceful dialogue. Israel claims that military action is necessary to protect its citizens from rocket attacks, while Palestinians argue that they are fighting for human rights and independence. Meanwhile, in Syria, the civil war that has lasted more than a decade still shows no signs of ending. This conflict involves many actors, including Bashar al-Assad who is supported by Russia and Iran, as well as rebel groups supported by the United States and other Western countries. Tensions are increasing with the re-emergence of the ISIS group in several regions, posing new challenges to regional stability. Yemen also continues to experience a severe humanitarian crisis due to the armed conflict between the government supported by the Saudi Arabian-led coalition and the Houthi group. The UN reports that millions of people face hunger and malnutrition due to blockades and attacks. Peace negotiations are still ongoing, but the results are often unsatisfactory and fail to stop ongoing violence. In Iraq, ethnic and sectarian tensions remain a major challenge to the country’s stability. After the victory over ISIS, the Iran-backed militia group grew stronger, while the Iraqi government sought to restore public trust. People’s dissatisfaction with corruption and public services is deepening, creating the potential for a social explosion that could reignite chaos. The situation in Lebanon is no less complicated. Lebanon’s economy is in decline, coupled with a prolonged political crisis. Divisions among political groups and increasing violence in street protests are increasingly pressing the government to find a solution. The influence of the Hezbollah group further complicates the settlement process. In the Persian Gulf region, tensions between Iran and Sunni Arab countries, especially Saudi Arabia, remain high. Iran’s nuclear program and its expanding influence in the region are a significant source of friction. Some diplomatic initiatives to ease tensions—such as normalization agreements between Israel and several Arab countries—could change geopolitical dynamics. Another challenge arises from the new US administration, which has so far featured a change in foreign policy. It is hoped that a more diplomatic approach can improve relations with countries in the region. However, reactions to recent terror attacks show that the risk of conflict remains high. Recent developments in the Middle East show that diplomacy and international cooperation are needed more than ever to prevent prolonged conflict and improve living conditions in the region. With so many interrelated issues, every decision in one country can affect stability in other countries.
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